Overview of Bupropion
The term bupropion is derived from byoo-PROE-pee-on. It is weak dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor atypical antidepressants drug. This drug is also useful for decreasing cravings & attenuating withdrawal symptoms of nicotine in patients trying to quit smoking.
Mechanism of action
It inhibits the reuptake of dopamine (DA) and norepinephrine (NE) in the neuron and uptake of serotonin in the CNS.
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption: although well absorbed in the body, rapidly, and extensively metabolized by the liver.
- Distribution: unknown
- Metabolism and excretion: extensively metabolized by the liver in the body. Some conversion to active metabolites.
- Half-life: 14 hours (active metabolites may have longer half-lives)
Adverse drug reaction (side effects Bupropion)
- Headache and fever
- Dry mouth
- Nausea and diarrhea
- Insomnia
- Dizziness
- Pharyngitis
- Constipation
- Agitation
- Anxiety, mania, and psychosis
- Abdominal pain
- Tinnitus
- Tremor
- Nervousness
- Somnolence (sleepiness)
- Irritability
- Vasodilation
- Photosensitivity
- Hypertonia
- Suicidal ideation
- Emotional lability
- Hostility
- Palpitation
- Myalgia (muscle pain)
- Twitching
- Sweating
- Chills and Rashes
- Migraine and tremor
- Hot flushes and flushing
- Dysphagia and anorexia
- Facial edema
- Hypotension and stroke
- Tachycardia and gastric reflux
- Gingivitis and increased salivation
- Jaundice and mouth ulcers
- Stomatitis and thirst
- Ecchymosis and leg cramps
- Dysphoria and vertigo
- Phlebitis and pulmonary embolism
- Colitis, esophagitis, GI hemorrhage, intestinal perforation, and hepatitis
- Pancreatitis and intestinal ulcer
- Hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia
- Anemia, muscle weakness, and rhabdomyolysis
- Euphoria and delirium
- Pneumonia and stevens-johnson syndrome
- Mydriasis and deafness
- Increased intraocular pressure
- Abnormal ejaculation
- Cystitis, vaginitis, and salpingitis
- Weight gain or loss
- Syndrome inappropriate ADH secretion
If you have appeared various side effects after using a drug then consult your doctor and treat as soon as possible.
Uses of Bupropion
- Treatment of depression (with psychotherapy)
- Depression inpatient with seasonal affective disorder
- Smoking cessation
- Unlabeled uses:
- Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults
- To increase sexual desire in women
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity
- Current or history of seizure
- Eating disorder (e.g. bulimia, or anorexia nervosa)
- CNS tumors
- Epilepsy
- History of bipolar disorder
- Abrupt withdrawal of alcohol
- Severe hepatic disorder
- Concurrent MAO inhibitor or ritonavir therapy
- Lactation: secreted in breast milk in humans; potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants.
Interactions
- Increased risk of adverse reactions when used with amantadine, levodopa, or MAO inhibitors (concurrent use of MAO inhibitors is contraindicated).
- Increased risk of seizures with various other drugs include phenothiazines, antidepressants, theophylline, corticosteroids, OTC stimulants/anorectics, or cessation of alcohol or benzodiazepines
- Carbamazepine may decrease blood levels and effectiveness
- Blood level increases by ritonavir
- Concurrent use with nicotine replacement therapy may cause hypertension.
- Increased risk of bleeding with warfarin